|
|
|
|
Foreign Trade Law of
China
Contents
Chapter 1 ............
General Provisions
Chapter 2
............ Foreign Trade
Dealers
Chapter 3 ............
Import and Export of Goods and
Technologies
Chapter 4
............ International Trade in
Services
Chapter 5
............ Protection of Trade-related Aspects
of
Intellectual
Property Rights
Chapter 6
............ Foreign Trade
Order
Chapter 7 ............
Foreign Trade Investigations
Chapter
8 ............ Foreign Trade
Remedies
Chapter 9
............ Foreign Trade
Promotion
Chapter 10
.......... Legal Liabilities
Chapter
11 .......... Supplementary Provisions
Chapter
1
General
Provisions
Article 1 This Law is
formulated with a view to expanding the opening to
the outside world, developing foreign trade,
maintaining foreign trade order, protecting the
legitimate rights and interests of foreign trade
dealers and promoting the sound development of the
socialist market economy.
Article
2 This Law applies to foreign trade and
the protection of trade-related aspects of
intellectual property rights. For the purposes of
this Law, "foreign trade" refers to import and
export of goods and technologies and the
international trade in services.
Article 3 The authority
responsible for foreign trade under the State
Council is in charge of the administration of the
foreign trade of the entire country pursuant to
this Law.
Article 4 The
State shall pursue a uniform foreign trade regime,
encourage the development of foreign trade and
maintain fair and free foreign trade order.
Article 5 The people's
Republic of China shall, on the principle of
equality and mutual benefit, promote and develop
trade relations with other countries and regions,
enter into or participate in such regional
economic trade agreements as customs union
agreement, free trade agreement and participate in
regional economic organizations.
Article 6 The People's
Republic of China shall, in accordance with the
international treaties and agreements to which it
is a contracting party or a participating party
grant the other contracting parties or
participating parties, or on the principle of
reciprocity grant the other party
most-favored-nation treatment or national
treatment in the field of foreign trade.
Article 7 In the event
that any country or region applies prohibitive,
restrictive or other like measures on a
discriminatory basis against the People's Republic
of China in respect of trade, the People's
Republic of China may, as the case may be, take
counter-measures against the country or region in
question.
Chapter
2
Foreign Trade
Dealers
Article 8 For the
purposes of this Law, "foreign trade dealers"
refers to legal persons, other organizations or
individuals that have fulfilled the industrial and
commercial registration or other practicing
procedures in accordance with laws and engage in
foreign trade dealings in compliance with this Law
and other relevant laws and administrative
regulations.
Article 9
Foreign trade dealers engaged in import and export
of goods or technologies shall register with the
authority responsible for foreign trade under the
State Council or its authorized bodies unless
laws, regulations and the authority responsible
for foreign trade under the State Council do not
so require. The specific measures for registration
shall be laid down by the authority responsible
for foreign trade under the State Council. Where
foreign trade dealers fail to register as
required, the Customs authority shall not process
the procedures of declaration, examination and
release for the imported and exported goods.
Article 10 The
international trade in services shall be carried
out in compliance with the provisions of this Law
and other relevant laws and administrative
regulations. The units engaged in foreign contract
of construction project or foreign labor
cooperation shall be equipped with corresponding
eligibility or qualification. The specific
measures therefore shall be laid down by the State
Council.
Article 11 The
State may implement state trading on certain
goods. The import and export of the goods subject
to state trading shall be operated only by the
authorized enterprises unless the state allows the
import and export of certain quantities of the
goods subject to state trading to be operated by
the enterprises without authorization. The lists
of the goods subject to state trading and the
authorized enterprises shall be determined,
adjusted and made public by the authority
responsible for foreign trade under the State
Council in conjunction with other relevant
authorities under the State Council. In the event
of importation of the goods subject to state
trading without authorization in violation of
paragraph 1 of this Article, the Customs shall not
grant release.
Article 12
Foreign trade dealers may accept the authorization
of others and conduct foreign trade as an agent
within its scope of business.
Article 13 Foreign trade
dealers shall, in accordance with the regulations
laid down by the authority responsible for foreign
trade under the State Council or other relevant
authorities under the State Council in accordance
with law, submit the documents and materials
relevant to their foreign trade dealings to
relevant authorities. The authorities concerned
shall keep business secrets confidential for the
providers thereof.
Chapter 3
Import and
Export of Goods and
Technologies
Article
14 The State permit free import and
export of goods and technologies unless the laws
or administrative regulations provide otherwise.
Article 15 The authority
responsible for foreign trade under the State
Council may, in accordance with the need to
supervise import and export, implement automatic
import and export licensing certain goods subject
to free import and export and make public the list
thereof. Where the consignee or the consigner of
the imported or exported goods subject to
automatic licensing submits the automatic
licensing application before going through the
Customs declaration procedures, the authority
responsible for foreign trade under the State
Council or its authorized authorities shall grant
approval. In case of failure to accomplish
automatic licensing procedures, the Customs shall
not grant release. In the case of importing or
exporting technologies subject to free import and
export, the contracts thereof shall be registered
with the authority responsible for foreign trade
under the State Council or its authorized
authorities.
Article 16
The State may restrict or prohibit the import or
export of relevant goods and technologies for the
following reasons that:
(1) the import or
export needs to be restricted or prohibited in
order to safeguard the state security, public
interests or public morals,
(2) the import
or export needs to be restricted or prohibited in
order to protect the human health or security, the
animals and plants life or health or the
environment,
(3) the import or export
needs to be restricted or prohibited in order to
implement the measures relating to the
importations and exportations of gold or silver,
(4) the export needs to be restricted or
prohibited in the case of domestic shortage in
supply or the effective protection of exhaustible
natural resources,
(5) the export needs to
be restricted in the case of the limited market
capacity of the importing country or region,
(6) the export needs to be restricted in
the case of the occurrence of serious confusion in
the export operation order,
(7) the import
needs to be restricted in order to establish or
accelerate the establishment of a particular
domestic industry,
(8) the restriction on
the import of agricultural, animal husbandry or
fishery products in any form is necessary,
(9) the import needs to be restricted in
order to maintain the State's international
financial status and the balance of international
payment,
(10) the import or export needs to
be restricted or prohibited as laws and
administrative regulations so provide, or
(11) the import or export needs to be
restricted or prohibited as the international
treaties or agreements to which the state is a
contracting party or a participating party so
require.
Article 17 The
State may, in the case of the import or export of
the goods and technologies relating to fissionable
and fissionable materials or the materials form
which they are derived as well as the import or
export relating to arms, ammunition and implements
for war, take any measures as necessary to
safeguard the state security. The State may, in
the time of war or for the protection of
international peace and security, take any
measures as necessary in respect of import or
export of goods and technologies.
Article 18 The authority
responsible for foreign trade under the State
Council in conjunction with other relevant
authorities under the State Council shall, in
accordance with the provisions of Articles 16 and
17 in this Law, establish, adjust and publish the
list of goods and technologies of which the import
or export is subject to restrictions or
prohibitions. The authority responsible for
foreign trade under the State Council
independently or in conjunction with other
relevant authorities under the State Council may,
with the approval from the State Council, decide,
on a temporary basis, to impose restrictions or
prohibitions on the import or export of goods and
technologies not included in the list provided in
the above paragraph within the meaning of Article
16 and Article 17 in this Law.
Article 19 Goods subject
to import or export restriction shall be subject
to quota and/or licensing control; technologies
whose import or export is restricted shall be
subject to licensing control. Import or export of
any goods and technologies subject to quota and/or
licensing control will be effected only with the
approval of the authorities responsible for
foreign trade under the State Council or the joint
approval of the foregoing authorities and other
relevant authorities under the State Council in
compliance with the provisions of the State
Council. Certain imported goods may be subject to
tariff rate quota control.
Article
20 Quotas and tariff rate quotas of the
imported and exported goods shall be distributed
on the principles of transparency, equity,
impartiality and efficiency by the authority
responsible for foreign trade under the State
Council or the relevant authorities under the
State Council within their respective
responsibilities. Specific measures for the
distribution shall be laid down by the State
Council.
Article 21 The
state shall implement the commodity assessment
system in a uniform manner and in accordance with
the provisions of relevant laws and administrative
regulations carry out certification, inspection or
quarantine in respect of imported and exported
commodities.
Article 22
The state shall implement origin management in
respect of the imported and exported goods.
Specific measures therefore shall be laid down by
the State Council.
Article
23 Where the import or export of cultural
relics, wildlife animals, plants and the products
thereof are prohibited or restricted by other laws
or administrative regulations, the provisions of
relevant laws and regulations shall be observed.
Chapter
4
International Trade in
Services
Article 24 In respect of
international trade in services, the People's
Republic of China shall, in accordance with the
commitments made in international treaties or
agreements to which the People's Republic of China
is a contracting party or a participating party,
grant the other contracting parties or
participating parties market access and national
treatment.
Article 25 The
authority responsible for foreign trade under the
State Council in conjunction with other relevant
authorities under the State Council shall,
pursuant to provisions of this Law and other laws
and administrative regulations, administer the
international trade in services.
Article 26 The State may
impose restrictions and prohibitions on the
international trade in services for the reasons
that:
(1) restrictions or prohibitions are
needed to safeguard the state security, public
interests or public morals,
(2)
restrictions or prohibitions are needed to protect
the human health or security, the animals and
plants life or health or the environment,
(3) restrictions are needed to establish
or accelerate the establishment of a particular
domestic service industry,
(4)
restrictions are needed to maintain the balance of
international payment of the state,
(5)
restrictions or prohibitions are needed as laws
and administrative regulations so provide, or
(6) restrictions or prohibitions are
needed as the international treaties or agreements
to which the state is a contracting party or a
participating party so require.
Article 27 The State may,
in the case of military-related international
trade in services, as well as the international
trade in services relating to fissionable and
fissionable materials or the materials form which
they are derived, take any measures as necessary
to safeguard the state security. The state may, in
the time of war or for the protection of
international peace and security, take any
measures as necessary in respect of international
trade in services.
Article
28 The authority responsible for foreign
trade under the State Council in conjunction with
other relevant authorities under the State Council
shall, in accordance with the provisions of
Articles 26 and 27 in this Law and other relevant
laws and administrative regulations, determine,
adjust and publish the market access list of
international trade in services.
Chapter 5
Protection of Trade-Related Aspects
of Intellectual Property
Rights
Article 29 The State
shall, in accordance with laws and administrative
regulations relevant to intellectual property
rights, protect trade-related aspects of
intellectual property rights. Where the imported
goods infringe intellectual property rights and
impair foreign trade order, the authority
responsible for foreign trade under the State
Council may take such measures as prohibiting the
import of the relevant goods from being produced
or sold by the infringe within a certain period.
Article 30 Where the
intellectual property right owner is involved in
any one of such practices as preventing the
licensee form challenging the validity of the
intellectual property right in the licensing
contract, conducting coercive package licensing or
incorporating exclusive grantback conditions in
the licensing contract, which impairs the fair
competition order of foreign trade, the authority
responsible for foreign trade under the State
Council may take measures as necessary to
eliminate such impairment.
Article
31 If other countries or regions do not
grant the legal persons, other organizations and
individual from the People's Republic of China
national treatment in respect of the protection of
intellectual property rights, or cannot provide
adequate and effective protection of intellectual
property rights for the goods, technologies or
services from the People's Republic of China, the
authority responsible for foreign trade under the
State Council may, in accordance with the
provisions of this Law and other relevant laws and
administrative regulations and the international
treaties or agreements to which the People's
Republic of China is a contracting party or a
participating party, take measures as necessary in
respect of the trade with the country or region in
question.
Chapter
6
Foreign Trade
Order
Article 32 In foreign
trade dealings, monopolistic behavior in violation
of relevant provisions of anti-monopoly laws and
administrative regulations is not allowed. In
foreign trade dealings, any monopolistic behavior
with the effect of eliminating market fair
competition shall be disposed of in accordance
with relevant provisions of anti-monopoly laws and
administrative regulations. Where any activities
in violation of laws set forth in the former
paragraph occur with the effect of impairing
foreign trade order, the authority responsible for
foreign trade under the State Council may take
measures as necessary to eliminate the impairment.
Article 33 In foreign
trade activities, such unfair competition
activities as selling the products at unreasonable
low prices, colluding with each other in a tender,
producing and releasing false advertisements and
conducting commercial bribery and others like are
not allowed. Any unfair competitive practice
conducted in the foreign trade activities shall be
disposed of in accordance with relevant laws and
administrative regulations against unfair
competition. Where any illegal activities as
provided in the previous paragraph occur with the
effect of impairing foreign trade order, the
authority responsible for foreign trade under the
State Council may take such measures as
prohibiting the dealer from importing and
exporting relevant goods and technologies to
eliminate the impairment.
Article
34 The following practices are not
allowed in foreign trade activities:
(1)
forgery, distortion of origin marks of the
imported and exported goods; forgery, distortion
or trading of origin certificates of imported or
exported goods, import and export licenses,
certificates of import and export quota or any
other certificate for import and export;
(2) defrauding the State of the refunded
tax on exports;
(3) smuggling;
(4)
evading certification, inspection and quarantine
inspection as provided by laws and administrative
regulations;
(5) other activities in
violation of the provisions of laws and
administrative regulations.
Article 35 In foreign
trade activities, foreign trade dealers shall act
in compliance with relevant provisions of foreign
exchange administration of the state.
Article 36 The authority
responsible for foreign trade under the State
Council may give a notice to the public the
activities in violation of this Law for impairing
foreign trade order.
Chapter 7
Foreign Trade
Investigation
Article 37 In order to
maintain the foreign trade order, the authority
responsible for foreign trade under the State
Council may carry out investigations on the
following matters in accordance with laws and
administrative regulations at its disposal or in
conjunction with other relevant administrations:
(1) the impact on the domestic industry as
well as the competitive strengths of import and
export of goods, import and export of technologies
and international trade in services;
(2)
trade barriers of relevant countries or regions;
(3) matters needed to be investigated on
in order to determine whether such foreign trade
remedies as anti-dumping, countervailing or
safeguard measures shall be taken;
(4)
activities that circumvent foreign trade remedies;
(5) matters in relation to state security
in foreign trade;
(6) matters needed to be
investigated on in order to enforce the provisions
of Articles 7, 29(2),30,31,32(3) and 33(3).
(7) Other matters which may have impact on
foreign trade order and need to be investigated
on.
Article 38 The
authority responsible for foreign trade shall give
a notice in case of initiating foreign trade
investigations. The investigation may take the
form of questionnaires in writing, hearings,
on-the-spot investigations, entrusted
investigations and otherwise. The authority
responsible for foreign trade under the State
Council shall, on the basis of the findings,
submit investigation reports or make
determinations and give public notices.
Article 39 Relevant units
and individuals shall provide the foreign trade
investigation with cooperation and assistance. The
authority in charge of foreign trade and other
authorities under the State Council as well as
their staff members shall have the obligation to
keep the state secrets and business secrets known
to them confidential during foreign trade
investigations.
Chapter 8
Foreign Trade
Remedies
Article 40 The State may
take appropriate foreign trade remedies on the
basis of the findings of foreign trade
investigation.
Article 41
Where a product from other countries or regions is
dumped into the domestic market at a price less
than its normal value and under such conditions as
to cause or threaten to cause material injury to
the established domestic industries, or materially
retards the establishment of domestic industries,
the State may take anti-dumping measures to
eliminate or mitigate such injury, threat of
injury or retardation.
Article
42 Where the export of a product from
other countries or regions to the market of a
third country causes or threatens to cause
material injury to the established domestic
industries, or materially retards the
establishment of domestic industries, the
authority responsible for foreign trade under the
State Council may, on the request of the domestic
industries, carry out consultations with the
government of that third country and require it to
take appropriate measures.
Article
43 Where an imported product has directly
or indirectly accepts any specific subsidiary
granted by the exporting country or region and
under such conditions as to cause or threaten to
cause material injury to the established domestic
industries, or materially retards the
establishment of related domestic industries, the
State may take countervailing measures to
eliminate or mitigate such injury or threat of
injury or retardation.
Article
44 Where a product is being imported in
substantially increased quantities and under such
conditions as to cause or threaten to cause
serious injury to the domestic industry that
produces like or directly competitive products,
the State may take safeguard measures as necessary
to eliminate or mitigate such injury or threat of
injury and provide the industry concerned with
necessary support.
Article
45 Where the increase of services
provided to China by the service suppliers from
other countries or regions causes or threatens to
cause injury to the domestic industries that
provide like or directly competitive services, the
State may take remedies as necessary to eliminate
or mitigate such injury or threat of injury and
provide such industry with necessary support.
Article 46 Where the
restriction imposed by a third country on the
import of a certain product causes the increase in
quantities of such product imported into the
domestic market and under such conditions as to
cause or threaten to cause injury to the
established domestic industry, or materially
retards the establishment of related domestic
industries, the state may take remedies as
necessary to restrict the import of the product
concerned.
Article 47
Where any country or region that enters into or
participate in the economic and trade treaties or
agreements with the People's Republic of China
deprives the People's Republic of China of or
impairs her interests under such treaties or
agreements, or hinders realization of the object
of such treaties or agreements, the People's
Republic of China has the right to request the
relevant country or region to take appropriate
remedies and has the right to suspend or terminate
its performance of relevant obligations in
compliance with relevant treaties and agreements.
Article 48 The authority
responsible for foreign trade under the State
Council shall carry out bilateral or multilateral
foreign trade consultations, negotiations and
settle disputes in accordance with this Law and
other relevant laws.
Article
49 The authority responsible for foreign
trade under the State Council and the other
relevant authorities under the State Council shall
establish the pre-warning and emergency system for
import and export of goods, import and export of
technologies and international trade in services
so as to cope with the unexpected and unusual
situations in foreign trade for the purpose of
safeguarding the economic security of the State.
Article 50 The State may
take necessary anti-circumvention measures against
the activities circumventing the foreign trade
remedies provided under this Law.
Chapter
9
Foreign Trade
Promotion
Article 51 The State
formulates foreign trade expansion strategies,
establishes and improves the foreign trade
promotion mechanism.
Article
52 The State shall establish and improve
financial institutions for foreign trade and
establish funds for foreign trade development and
risk as the development of foreign trade requires.
Article 53 The State may
take such measures as import and export credit,
export credit insurance, export tax refund and
other foreign trade promotion measures for the
purpose of developing foreign trade.
Article 54 The State
establishes the foreign trade public information
service system, providing foreign trade dealers
and the public with information services.
Article 55 The State
shall take measures to encourage foreign trade
dealer to explore international market, and
develop foreign trade by adopting various forms
such as foreign investment, foreign contract of
construction project and foreign labor
cooperation.
Article 56
Foreign trade dealers may organize or participate
in relevant associations or chambers of commerce
for importers and exporters in accordance with the
law. Relevant associations or chambers of commerce
shall abide by relevant laws and regulations,
provide in compliance with their articles of
association their members with foreign trade
related services in aspects of manufacturing,
marketing, information and training, play a
positive role in coordination and self-discipline,
submit applications for relevant foreign trade
remedies, safeguard the interests of their members
and the industry, report to the relevant
authorities the suggestions of their members with
respect to foreign trade promotion, and actively
promote foreign trade.
Article
57 The organization for the promotion of
international trade in China shall, in accordance
with its articles of association, engage in
developing foreign trade relations, sponsoring
exhibitions, providing information and advisory
services and carry out other foreign trade
promotion activities.
Article
58 The State shall support and facilitate
the foreign trade carried out by small and
medium-sized enterprises with small or middle
scale. Article 59 The State shall support and
promote the development of foreign trade in
national autonomous areas and economically
under-developed areas.
Chapter 10
Legal
Liabilities
Article 60 Anyone who
imports or exports the goods subject to the state
trading without authorization in violation of
Article 11 of this Law may be imposed on a fine of
not more than RMB 50,000 Yuan by the authority
responsible for foreign trade under the State
Council or other authorities under the State
Council; if the circumstances are serious, the
aforesaid authorities may refuse to accept the
application submitted by the trade dealer in
violation of laws for carrying out imports or
exports of the goods subject to state trading
within three years from the date the
administrative sanction decision takes effect or
may withdraw the granted authorization of import
and export of goods subject to state trading.
Article 61 Anyone who
imports and exports the goods of which import and
export is prohibited, or imports and exports the
goods of which import and export is restricted
without authorization shall be disposed of and
punished by the Customs in accordance with
relevant laws and administrative regulations; if
the case constitutes a crime, he shall be
prosecuted for criminal liabilities in accordance
with the law. Anyone who imports and exports the
technologies of which import and export is
prohibited, or imports and exports the
technologies of which import and export is
restricted without authorization shall be disposed
of and punished in accordance with relevant laws
and regulations; Where no laws or regulations are
available to apply to such activities, the
authority responsible for foreign trade under the
State Council shall order him to make a
rectification, confiscate the illegal proceeds and
impose a fine from one to five times the amount of
the illegal gains. If there are no illegal
proceeds or the illegal proceeds are less than RMB
10,000 Yuan, a fine from RMB 10,000 Yuan to RMB
50,000 Yuan shall be imposed; if the case
constitutes a crime, he shall be prosecuted for
criminal liabilities in accordance with the law.
The authority responsible for foreign trade under
the State Council and other relevant authorities
under the State Council may, from the date when
the administrative sanction decision or criminal
penalty judgment takes effect as provided in
paragraphs 1 and 2 of this Article, refuse the
applications for import and export quotas or
licenses submitted by the law-breaker, or prohibit
the law-breaker from engaging in the import and
export of relevant goods and technologies within a
period from one to three years.
Article 62 Anyone who
engages in the international trade in services
subject to prohibition or engages in international
trade in services subject to restriction without
authorization shall be disposed of and punished in
accordance relevant laws and administrative
regulations; Where no laws or regulations are
available to apply to such activities, the
authority responsible for foreign trade under the
State Council shall order him to make a
rectification, confiscate the illegal gains and
impose a fine from one to five times the amount of
the illegal proceeds. If there are no illegal
proceeds or the illegal proceeds are less than RMB
10,000 Yuan, a fine from RMB 10,000 Yuan to RMB
50,000 Yuan shall be imposed; if the case
constitutes a crime, he shall be prosecuted for
criminal liabilities in accordance with the law.
The authority responsible for foreign trade under
the State Council may, from the date when the
administrative sanction decision or criminal
penalty judgment takes effect as provided in the
previous paragraph of this Article, prohibit the
law-breaker from engaging in relevant
international trade in services within a period
from one to three years.
Article
63 Anyone who acts in violation of the
provision of Article 34 of this Law shall be
punished in accordance with relevant laws and
administrative regulations; if the case
constitutes a crime, he shall be prosecuted for
criminal liabilities in accordance with the law.
The authority responsible for foreign trade under
the State Council may, from the date when the
administrative sanction decision or criminal
penalty judgment takes effect as provided in the
previous paragraph of this Article, prohibit the
law-breaker from engaging in relevant foreign
trade activities within a period from one to three
years.
Article 64 Where a
foreign trade dealer is prohibited from engaging
in the relevant foreign trade activities in
accordance with Articles 61-63, within the period
of prohibition the Customs authority shall not
grant release to the relevant imported or exported
goods of that foreign trade dealer in accordance
with the decision made by the authority
responsible for foreign trade under the State
Council, and the foreign exchange administration
or designated foreign exchange banks shall not
process the procedures of selling and purchasing
foreign exchange.
Article
65 Any staff member serving in the
authority responsible for foreign trade in
accordance with this Law who neglects his duty,
engages in malpractices for personal gains or
abuses his power, shall be prosecuted for criminal
liabilities if the case constitutes a crime, or
shall be subject to administrative sanctions if
the case dose not constitute a crime in accordance
with the law. Any staff member serving in the
authority responsible for foreign trade in
accordance with this Law, who extorts property
from others with job convenience or illegally
accepts others' property and seeks advantages for
them in return shall be prosecuted for criminal
liabilities if the case constitutes a crime, or
shall be subject to administrative sanctions if
the case does not constitute a crime in accordance
with the law.
Article 66
The parties in the foreign trade activities may
apply for an administrative reconsideration or
bring an administrative lawsuit before a people's
court in case of dissatisfaction with a specific
administrative act by the authority responsible
for foreign trade administration in accordance
with this Law.
Chapter 11
Supplementary
Provisions
Article 67 Where other
laws or administrative regulations provide
otherwise in respect of foreign trade
administration of military supplies, fissionable
and fissionable materials or the materials form
which they are derived and import and export
administration of cultural products, the
provisions thereof shall be observed.
Article 68 The State
applies flexible measures, provides preferential
conditions and conveniences to the trade between
the towns on the frontier and those towns of
neighboring countries on frontier as well as trade
among border residents. Specific measures
therefore shall be laid down by the State Council.
Article 69 This Law shall
not apply to the separate customs territories of
the People's Republic of
China.
Article 70 This Law
shall come into force as of July 1, 2004.
(All information published is
authentic in Chinese. English is provided for
reference only.) |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
 |
|
|
|
|
|
All material on this
website is copyright and may not be republished in any form without written
permission.
© Copyright 1999 - 2005 Asia Times
Online Ltd.
|
|
Head
Office: Rm 202, Hau Fook Mansion, No. 8 Hau Fook St., Kowloon, Hong
Kong
Thailand Bureau:
11/13 Petchkasem Road, Hua Hin, Prachuab Kirikhan, Thailand 77110
|
|
|
|
