WASHINGTON - A series of unexpectedly swift moves to begin addressing the
Arab-Israeli conflict taken by Barack Obama in the week since he was sworn in
as the president of the United States is being hailed by many regional
specialists here who were deeply frustrated by George W Bush's relative
indifference and virtually unconditional support for Israel.
"The speed with which he has engaged on this is really stunning," said Shibley
Telhami, an expert on Arab public opinion at the University of Maryland. "While
it's too early to tell whether he's prepared to make the difficult policy
trade-offs, I'd have to say that he's off to a fantastic start."
During his presidential campaign, Obama repeatedly promised to
begin working for Israeli-Palestinian peace "from day one" of his tenure and
criticized his predecessor for waiting until his last year in office to launch
the so-called "Annapolis process" which failed to make any tangible progress
toward resolving the critical "final status" issues.
Within 24 hours of his inauguration, he had telephoned the leaders of Egypt,
Israel, the Palestinian Authority and Jordan, apparently to reiterate that
commitment, and, one day later, announced the appointment of George Mitchell,
who mediated the 1995 Good Friday accord that helped bring peace to Northern
Ireland, as his special envoy on Israel-Arab negotiations.
By Tuesday, Mitchell had arrived in Cairo for a "listening" tour of the region
that will include visits with those same leaders, as well as a stop in Saudi
Arabia, whose strong support for the revival of the 2002 Arab League peace
initiative is considered vital for progress.
Meanwhile, Obama gave his first television interview as president - even before
the major US networks - to the Saudi-owned al-Arabiya company on Monday in
which he re-iterated his commitment to work on Israeli-Palestinian peace as a
priority, praised the Arab League plan, and offered a "new partnership" with
the Arab and the Muslim world "based on mutual respect and mutual interest".
"Now, my job is to communicate the fact that the United States has a stake in
the well-being of the Muslim world, that the language we use has to be a
language of respect," he told interviewer Hisham Melham. At the same time, he
stressed that he understood that "people are going to judge me not by my words,
but by my actions and my administration's actions".
"And I think that what you'll see is somebody who is listening, who is
respectful, and who is trying to promote the interests not just of the United
States, but also ordinary people who right now are suffering from poverty and a
lack of opportunity," he added.
While all of these steps have not yet translated into the kind of concrete
"actions" that Obama said his administration will be judged by, they have
clearly given heart to Middle East experts in Washington who felt that they had
been ignored for most of the past eight years.
"I'm accustomed to being disappointed," said retired Colonel Pat Lang, a former
top Middle East intelligence analyst at the Pentagon, who had been among the
most outspoken critics of the Bush administration's neglect of the
Israel-Palestinian conflict and its refusal to take seriously Arab and Muslim
grievances about Washington's strong support for Israel.
"What I see so far seems rather hopeful; at least there's a lot of attention
being paid to the [Arab-Israeli] conflict, instead of a refusal to deal with
it. I'm willing to wait and see and hope for the best," he told Inter Press
Service (IPS).
Marc Lynch, another specialist on Arab public opinion at George Washington
University, was particularly thrilled by Obama's performance on al-Arabiya,
writing on his much-read blog in Foreign Policy that, ''It's impossible to
exaggerate the symbolic importance" of Obama's choice of an Arabic satellite
station for his first formal interview as president "and of taking that
opportunity to talk frankly about a new relationship with the Muslim world
based on mutual respect and emphasizing listening rather than dictating".
"I couldn't have written the script better myself," he noted, adding that
Obama's reference to "words" and "actions" showed his appreciation that "public
diplomacy is not about marketing a lousy policy - it's about engaging honestly,
publicly and directly with foreign publics about those policies, explaining and
listening and adjusting where appropriate."
Telhami, who served as an informal adviser to the Obama campaign, was similarly
impressed, noting that the new president made a number of key points that
highlighted his differences with Bush, particularly his acknowledgement that
the Arab-Israeli conflict is "central" to the region. "This is totally
different from the neo-conservative view that the conflict has nothing to do
with other issues in the region [that are] important to the US."
Indeed, the centrality of the Arab-Israeli conflict was brought home to the new
administration late last week in the form of a stunningly blunt column by the
former Saudi ambassador in Washington, Prince Turki al-Faisal, who denounced
the "sickening legacy" left by the Bush administration in the region and its
complicity in Israel's military campaign in Gaza.
He warned that Washington's "special relationship" with the kingdom was at risk
"unless the new US administration takes forceful steps to prevent any further
suffering and slaughter of Palestinians", including promoting the
Saudi-inspired Arab League initiative, which offers normalization of relations
with Israel in exchange for its withdrawal to its 1967 borders.
Lang told IPS that the column, which was published by the Financial Times, may
have played a role in the decision to grant al-Arabiya the first television
interview. "This is a deliberate gesture [by Obama] to say to the Saudis that
'I really am serious, and I'm not fooling around'," he said.
Indeed, Israel's three-week Gaza campaign, in which more than 1,300
Palestinians were killed, may have spurred Obama, who declined to comment about
the assault while Bush was still president, to move more quickly than he had
originally planned to reassure Arab opinion that he considered the
Israeli-Palestinian conflict a top priority, even at a time when the country is
dealing with a major financial crisis and two wars.
"I think Gaza has had a far more profound impact than I anticipated, and I
would say there's more disbelief in the region in the possibility of peace
[with Israel] by far than a month ago," said Telhami. "Both his actions so far
and the interview would have generated much more optimism, had the bloodshed in
Gaza not taken place."
Lynch, too, had warned before the al-Arabiya interview that the Gaza campaign
and the Bush administration's support for it had "poisoned the well" for Obama
in a number of ways that he would have to overcome to gain credibility in the
Arab world. "If - and only if - Obama demonstrates serious changes in US policy
in the region, he will find many takers," he warned.
While the tone appears to have changed quite substantially, Obama has yet to
make clear that policy changes on the Israeli-Palestinian conflict will follow.
Jim Lobe's blog on US foreign policy can be read at http://www.ips.org/blog/jimlobe/.
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