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Please provide your name or a pen name, and your country of residence. Lengthy letters run the risk of being cut.

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February 2005


My! My! One must be surprised by some sensible policies coming from the present Indian government (Open house in India [Feb 26] by Kunal Kumar Kundu). This makes eminent sense and one wonders why it took so long to do that. For one, housing and construction industries are one of the largest in the world and affect all parts of economy, from the steel and cement industries to consumer goods to labor markets. Furthermore, it will allow for expansion of mortgage and insurance markets. Finally, it will take some hot money chasing the limited stocks the public (or foreign funds) are allowed to buy on the stock markets. In the absence of large-scale privatizations of the government companies, expansion of real estate will prove to be a real liberalizer of the Indian economy.
AP (Feb 28, '05)

In his article The global warming scam [Feb 25], Dr Derek Kelly raises the issue of previous warming and cooling trends on the planet. The process he describes is one of oscillation towards a homeostatic mean global temperature. This process is indeed natural as all systems tend towards homeostasis (see Newton's Second Law of Thermodynamics). However, what Dr Kelly overlooks is the First and Second Laws of Thermodynamics that make systems dynamic rather than static. Dr Kelly also ignores hypotheses regarding global oscillations in temperature because, for the sake of his argument, they would be inconvenient. As scientists we all understand that correlation is not causation. Yet in all of the instances of warming and cooling cited by Dr Kelly there exist correlational properties to the phenomenon of global shifts in temperature that at the least offer partial explanations. For every instance of cooling one can find a significant volcanic eruption or meteor impact that produced such quantities of particulate matter into the atmosphere that would affect the passage of sunlight to the Earth's surface, for example. In every instance the warming following such periods seems to be adequately explained by the eventual precipitation of that matter back on to he Earth's surface. These are events that virtually all scientists and a great number of lay persons are familiar with from elementary school or the Discovery Channel. Yet what marks the present global warming trend as significant is its rate and lack of correlation to other natural phenomena aside from mankind's unintended intervention. Dr Kelly forwards a proposition championed by a number of prominent critics of technology: it is not possible for us to deliberately control the climate's mean temperature. Unfortunately he makes the mistake of assuming we can't control our own behavior when it inadvertently affects the environment upon which we depend and within which we evolved. He even takes the radical step of suggesting we shouldn't even attempt to restrain ourselves. He argues that life has always existed regardless of what extreme existed on the Earth's surface; but tends to favor the warmer one. It might be adequate at this point to remind Dr Kelly that he should discriminate between minor and major fluctuations in the Earth's temperature and note that during major fluctuations the dominant life forms tended to disappear. At present that is us. Certainly he is right in assuming life will find a way. The outstanding question is, "Will we continue to be a part of it?" It might also be worth reminding those who are like-minded with Dr Kelly and his radical prescriptions that the responsibility for establishing a case for continued activity that leads to warming lies in their hands. It is often assumed by global-warming skeptics that responsibility lie with those who call for restraint. This position couldn't be more backwards. What Dr Kelly and industrial-minded people forget is that mankind's default setting does not include "progress". Like the Earth and its ecosystems, the true default is a trend towards homeostasis. Deviations from that balance must be explained and justified. When contemplating behaviors that even may pose a risk to our species it is incumbent upon us to err on the side of caution. We have survived millions of years with spears and animal skins. Unrestrained technological activity is not a right - it is a luxury. If that luxury cannot be pursued without it detrimentally effecting our long-term prospects as a species, then I can see no reason to continue the risk. Industry's bottom line that there are "acceptable" amounts of excess CO2 [carbon dioxide] in the atmosphere is like a tobacco company's saying there is an acceptable amount of cigarettes one can smoke and still be able to avoid the risk of cancer. In both cases neither seem to know precisely the limit. I for one wouldn't suggest we risk exceeding it when we are perfectly capable of abstaining from the behavior in the first place.
Kenneth McDonald
published researcher in behavioral genetics (Feb 28, '05)


The opinion piece by [Derek] Kelly on climate change ([The global warming scam] Feb 25) was sadly uninformed. A likely result of global warming is, in fact, the triggering of an early glacial period. The point behind the Kyoto Protocol is that the Earth's climate is a delicately balanced system. We are affecting that system in large ways now and need to take responsibility for its wise management. It is unfortunate that Mr Kelly's flat-Earth mentality is so prevalent. You would think that by the time one achieved a doctorate in any field (even computer science) one would have learned to clean up after [oneself].
Sean
USA (Feb 28, '05)


Derek Kelly's article on global warming - he's in favor of it - has numerous errors [The global warming scam, Feb 25]. Coming from a person with a PhD, I would expect an article that had been tirelessly researched and with a biography to back up his thesis. For instance, Kelly's contention that 1816, the "year without a summer" in the US and other parts of the world, was part of the Earth's cycles of warming and cooling. [The cool weather of] 1816, the year without a summer, was caused by the 1815 eruption of the Tambora volcano complex in Indonesia. It was a series of massive explosions that sent enough dust into the atmosphere that lingered well into the summer of 1816. This volcanic cloud was able to affect the world's climate on a global scale. Kelly's whole article reads like a paper submitted by high-school junior [11th-grader], not someone with a PhD. Or maybe Mr Kelly is in the pay of either ExxonMobil or the Republican-controlled White House and US media. The first two are in favor of global warming and the large majority of the latter are still snoozing. With the recent revelations that the Bush White House pays so-called journalists to spread their propaganda, it would not be a surprise to learn Mr Kelly is beholden to Karl Rove.
Greg Bacon
Ava, Missouri (Feb 28, '05)


I think that your publishing of Derek Kelly's deceptive article [The global warming scam, Feb 25] damages the credibility of Asia Times [Online]. It is the consensus of serious scientists who do research in the area of climate change that global warming is occurring and that it constitutes a clear danger of our economies, our citizens' lives, and the welfare of other species. Only the oil corporations will profit since the melting of polar ice caps will open new areas for oil exploration. Yes, I know that there are people like Derek Kelly who ignore the mountains of scientific evidence which document that global warming is occurring and will be harmful to many, but I'm not surprised because there are still people who claim that the world is flat. What surprises me is that Asia Times Online would publish such nonsense.
Paul Haemig, PhD
Sweden (Feb 28, '05)

There was a time when scientists defended their theories by defending their theories. The unfortunate modern tendency to say "believe us because we have a mountain of evidence, but don't ask us what it is because you are too dumb to understand" is, perhaps, the attitude that has permitted the world's greatest polluter to snub the Kyoto Protocol and cavalierly dismiss global-warming theory as so much hype. Occasionally it behooves the scientific community to climb down from its mountain of evidence and offer sound scientific arguments refuting those of Dr Kelly et al, in terms we dummies can understand. - ATol


Derek Kelly [The global warming scam, Feb 25] is not getting his Rhodes Scholarship this year.
Marty Blue
Maine, USA (Feb 28, '05)


None of the followers of the "human-induced global warming" scare nor the scaremongers using the "ozone hole" can be bothered to crack open a geology text nor, in the case of the ozone hole, their high-school chemistry texts. They are a perfect example of a Chinese saying (oh, Frank from Seattle, you will love this one): "One village dog barks at a shadow. A thousand village dogs bark at the bark." You are perfectly right, [Derek] Kelly [The global warming scam, Feb 25], there is not a single environmental activist including our [Canada's] own David Suzuki who has been able or willing to explain the cause of massive global warming that started 15,000 years ago and melted a circumpolar ice cap that covered all of Canada and was 600 meters thick right here in what is now Calgary. Nor are these bandwagon scientists (and their mindless followers) ready to explain the remains of temperate-climate tree fossils on Axel Heiberg Island in the Canadian Arctic. Sadly, "environmental science" is now an oxymoron and is more correctly to be named "politically correct environmental politics". Men and women with PhDs who have families to raise and mortgages to pay are scrambling to generate research-project money. Unless they are wealthy, they need to be aware of the bandwagon that gives them the greatest chance of obtaining research funding. And which PhD can afford to bite the hand that feeds him/her? And who can deny that when I piss in the Pacific Ocean that I contribute to raising the sea level and that the mindless multitudes would hysterically pronounce me guilty of contributing to the flooding of Tuvalu? In the current politically correct climate everyone gets drowned out by the cacophony of the mindless barking of the village dogs (with a bow to Frank from Seattle).
AL
Canada (Feb 28, '05)


Thanks to everyone who responded [letters, Feb 25] to my perhaps overly enthusiastic essay [The global warming scam, Feb 25]. Here is a more sober response to your concerns. Doug: I did not call global warming a scam; I said Kyoto is a scam. Let's assume global warming is occurring as claimed and that its causes are known. There surely can be (and is) disagreement over how to respond, which is what Kyoto is about. As far as the Arctic is concerned, sea ice has been variable over the years. The Arctic has not been continuously covered in ice for 15 million years. It comes and goes. And, yes, the poor polar bears would be affected, but then the fabled "Northwest Passage" would be opened up. But then again, poor Panama would lose all those revenues from the Canal. Tom: Yes, there is nothing wrong with wanting future generations to have the best tools possible to control "short term" swings in their environment. The thing is, we don't have the tools now and we may not have them in the future. No one knows how to control the weather; no one knows how to control the climate. Some models for possible control and prediction have been developed, but none are beyond question. Our climate is affected by at least some or all of the following: sunspots (solar variability), lunar effects, Earth's orbit and inclination, ocean circulation and salinity, volcanoes, water vapor, methane and many others. Maybe some day we'll have a controllable climate, but it's not going to be within our lifetimes. Kaj: You say that the hothouse effects are accelerating the melting of glaciers here and now, and you ask if the polluters will pay the damages to those who have to move to higher ground. But again, glaciers, which contain a minute fraction of the total supply of water on Earth, have melted and grown for ages long before we came on the scene - and they have negligible effects on sea level rising. Suggesting that alleged polluters should pay people to move to higher ground is as ludicrous as having the cigarette companies pay me for having gotten lung cancer from smoking. Fabricio: You say that you don't think you can say anything that will change my mind about the reality of global warming, yet that is precisely what I think about your "argument." Global warming, caused by anthropogenic fossil-gas emissions seems to be an article of faith, something like the Virgin Birth, or the 72 virgins of the jihadist, something that cannot be questioned. Either you agree with the global warmers or you are some sort of evil, profit-making, polluting, numbskull from hell. Only the infotainment media in the US, of which you seem to have been watching and reading too much, seems convinced of the certainty of global warming. Every scientific item I read mentions uncertainties, inadequacies of models, and the need for more research and so on. For example, it is by no means certain that the terrible hurricanes of last year had anything to do with global warming. If you look at the record of hurricanes, you will see that the period of 1930-60s was very active, with many severe hurricanes, followed by a lull, which is now being reversed. I lived through many severe hurricanes in some of those years (yes, I was born just a few miles south of your beautiful Cuba). And I still prefer the tropics to the mainland USA. Yes, I feel terrible about the devastation of hurricanes, or cyclones, or tornadoes, or volcanoes - but these things have been going on long before the infernal combustion machine. The implications of global climate change are frightening and are of great concern to everyone. The great mystery, however, is whether the change is permanent or transitory, and whether the role of humanity in this change is central or peripheral.
Derek Kelly (Feb 28, '05)


David Isenberg, in Bush's 'priceless' war [Feb 25], neglects to note the fact that the "Cato Institute", when it must, describes itself sometimes as a "conservative" "think-tank" and at others as "Libertarian". Regardless how it represents itself, its "thinking" is confined solely to how to propagandize against "excessive" regulation ("excessive" being any amount whatsoever) and for "free market" economics. One measure of the Cato Institute's "legitimacy" is its aggressive advocacy for the National Rifle Association's falsehood that the Second Amendment to the US constitution protects an "individual" right, which - characterized by US Supreme Court Justice Berger as "a fraud on the American people" - it flatly does not do. In a US with ... objective, professional media, the Cato Institute would be recognized for what it is: a well-funded extreme fringe minority of anti-liberal cranks, thus [it] would not be solicited for its opinion on matters which concern the moderate majority. To solicit their opinion imputes to them an undeserved credibility. Daniel McCarthy writes: "If any readers are unaware of ... China's belligerence, they should consider ... China's 1979 invasion of Vietnam ..." It is clear that Mr McCarthy has neither learned how to mind his own business - the US invasion of and involvements in Vietnam, Laos, and Cambodia violated international law, US treaties and founding principles, and killed at least 1 million civilians - or how not to be a groundlessly smug, chest-pounding and prattling hypocrite.
Joseph J Nagarya
Boston, Massachusetts (Feb 28, '05)


In response to my letter of February 24, ATol wrote, "A list of 'belligerent' threats and actions at least as long as this one could be compiled regarding the US. Guess you won't object then if, say, Cuba 'sees the threat and wishes to curb it'." Cuba is certainly free to take any actions necessary to defend itself from invasion or other interference. However, notwithstanding Washington's periodic vitriol toward Cuba, there has been no hostile action taken against it, and no substantial preparations for hostile action have been made. In fact, Washington did not object at all when [then Chinese president] Jiang Zemin wanted to fly directly from the continental US to Cuba to hug the very handsome Fidel Castro. How would China react if [US President George W] Bush wanted to fly from Beijing to Taipei to hug President Chen [Shui-bian]?
Daniel McCarthy (Feb 28, '05)

Hostility is in the eyes of the beholder, but at the very least China's attacks on Taiwan, unlike America's on Iraq, Afghanistan, Panama, Grenada, Vietnam, Cambodia, Laos etc etc, have so far been verbal only. As for proxy wars and sponsored terrorism against, for example, Nicaragua; assassination campaigns and economic terrorism ("embargo", in US parlance) against, for example, Cuba and the former Soviet bloc; economic threats against nations such as Canada and Venezuela who do not kowtow to US foreign policy - well, no one wants to get all warm and fuzzy about China, but it becomes clearer that there aren't too many "hugs" in this picture. - ATol


The obvious reason why Nepal has traditionally bought arms from India is the convenience factor [India hits Nepal where it hurts, Feb 24]. [Since Nepal borders] India, India would be the natural source to buy arms. Now that New Delhi has stopped this process completely, New Delhi will lose a very strategic instrument with Kathmandu, since Nepal can easily buy arms from dozens of arms-selling nations across the world and her dependence on India may be irrevocable and Nepal will gain greater autonomy in this key sector. I believe it was a bad move by India. What if Nepal turns to China to supply arms? What leverage will India have over China? And what influence will China gain in Nepal due to this decision?
Chrysantha Wijeyasingha
New Orleans, Louisiana (Feb 28, '05)


The article by Bashdar Ismaeel, Democracy, act 1 (Feb 24), is an interesting analysis on the latest developments in Iraq. As a result of these elections there is every likelihood that Dr Ibrahim Jaafari would be the new prime minister of Iraq and that he and his coalition could bring much desired stability in that war-ravaged country. A lot of toil and effort [are] to be concluded, as the election by itself is not the ultimate answer. The political structure of Iraq is to be put in place, through a complicated scheme of compromise, accommodation and appropriate representation to all the ethnic and sectarian groups of Iraq. Most important of all, the people of Iraq must feel that they are sovereign in their homeland. In other words, the question of legitimacy, for the Iraqi leadership becomes vital. The United States needs an honorable exit from Iraq. There is no other view that only an acceptable and effective future Iraqi government can provide that. This remains the only pragmatic approach for the Iraqi riddle.
Professor Dr S Farooq Hasnat
Columbia, Maryland (Feb 28, '05)


While perusing this publication on the Internet, I was greatly disappointed by the vacuity and peevish nature of the journalist Spengler, whom I will hereafter refer to as Mr Spengler, presuming the title solely for the purposes of respect and ease of reference. In the article entitled Why America is losing the intelligence war [Nov 11, '03], Mr Spengler makes several excellent and entirely correct points, not least among them the various errors of America's abysmal foreign policy. However, this journalist's laudable reputation is undercut and rendered laughable by other articles, such as What is American culture? (Nov 18, '03), a piece which, one hopes, is intended to be amusing and merely fails. Mr Spengler loses credibility when his research skills are used to impersonate the same jingoistic xenophobia that created the villains of his "proper" Italy. [Benito] Mussolini, I am sure, would love to read a poorly written invective against the narrow range of personal frustrations Mr Spengler, in throes of self-importance bordering on psychosis, seems to take as a culturewide endemic pattern - an axis, if you will, of Western evil. How long will this magazine have until Mr Spengler finds a few choice physical characteristics to hate? How long until he whips up prejudice against an entire population based on his time in the USA (I would not be surprised to find he himself is a citizen) and a jaunt in Italy? How long will it be before he is fired? I hope to God he isn't getting paid for this tripe. Aside from this writer I find your publication refreshing and enjoyable, as well as excellently written. Please tender my apologies to Mr Spengler's no-doubt-disappointed mother, and consider continuing this enterprise without his poor writing impeding your success.
Benjamin Winter (Feb 28, '05)


About Spengler's choice of T S Eliot, here is a poem for Joseph Nagarya that is obscure but I hope not overrated.
Brooding over the ills of the world
Intrepidly pursuing truth
In a labyrinth of torture, lies, fantasy and conspirabunk
Like Sisyphus
Ceaselessly rolling the boulder of the uninformed masses
Up the mountain of ignorance, war crimes, Neanderthals and sneaking suspicions
Only to have it roll back down
Nobody gives a crap what he thinks about poetry.
Roostercockburn
Houston, Texas (Feb 28, '05)


You're right, Geoff (letter, Feb 25), we will stick the subject of Rafik Hariri assassination, though some of my previous post mysteriously ended up on the editor's cutting floor. I will restrain my desire to post inflammatory remarks about US history. Two major groups may have had their hand in the Rafik Hariri assassination. I will not examine rogue elements such as but not limited to Syrian or Israeli intelligence agencies. Neither will I will examine the possibility of Lebanese involvement due to the fact that their political workings are too Byzantine for even my subtle mind. I will stick to national entities. The two groups of course are the Syrians and the American-Israeli (A-I) faction. With the benefit of hindsight, we can see that Syria has suffered worldwide condemnation and the current Lebanese prime minister, a Syrian favorite, is threatening resignation. Additionally the Bush administration has pulled its ambassador, issued a stern demarche and demanded the immediate withdrawal of all Syrian troops and intelligence operatives, omitting the Israeli troops in the Sheba Farms area. The Americans have sufficient air and sea power in the area to teach the Syrians a lesson, if they are convinced of Syrian involvement. Curiously, after several weeks of this tragic affair, no military action has been taken against Syria. Considering that [US President George W] Bush never needed much evidence for military action, this is the strongest piece of evidence of non-Syrian culpability or they do not have a clue. Additionally, nations from the EU have called for an international investigation, which leads me to assume that the European intelligence agencies are in doubt [as] to the perpetrators. The A-I faction have gained the high moral ground in Lebanon and stand to gain influence in Lebanon in the future. If the removal of Syrian troops ever does occur, the A-I faction influence will soar with economic, political and military gains. This will tighten the noose around Syria and force a possible regime change and strengthen the American forces flank in Iraq. Additionally, the Hezbollah will be weakened in southern Lebanon to the benefit of Israel. This will also weaken the new Iran-Syria connection. So would you agree that the entire affair has been a gain for the A-I faction and a loss for the Syrian faction? Would the Syrian government not have foreseen the consequences of the assassination? They may have been able to pull this off during the chaos of the '80s; but now, with direct US military involvement in Iraq. Also notice the recent Russian agreement to sell SAMs [surface-to-air missiles] to Syria; the A-I faction will use this affair to pressure the Russians to limit if not eliminate their military sales to Syria, another benefit to the A-I faction. What did Syria gain? Nothing, nothing at all. Would the future election of Rafik Hariri reduce the influence of Syria in Lebanon after over 30 years of direct involvement? Considering the influence that Syria has with the Hezbollah, a growing military and political power in Lebanon; did the Syrians really lose any power over Hariri's defection? Common sense eliminates the Syrian government from involvement, unless you insist that the Syrians are devoid of common sense. Now the only way to eliminate the A-I faction from the equation is to insist that they stand on a higher moral platform and would never use assassination to achieve their goals. History shows otherwise, as my list in the previous letter demonstrates. Therefore the A-I faction has a higher probability of involvement in the Rafik Hariri assassination. If neither the Syrians [nor] the A-I faction [are] involved, it may point to an [internal] Lebanese affair, which is another matter that we may explore in future posts. I will not again provoke editorial wrath by a long letter. So please, Geoffrey, send us your analysis of the two groups' involvement and we may continue this encouraging exchange of views. And Geoffrey, I am neither pro or con. I just don't want to see a widened Middle East conflict based on a misjudgment. If Syria's involvement is proved, I will eat crow in this esteemed international publication.
Ernie Lynch (Feb 28, '05)

A reminder that debates of this nature may be more appropriate for The Edge, ATol's forum, where long arguments and digressions are more likely to avoid our "cutting-room floor". - ATol


I have been following your Taiwan coverage for a while, since I live in the region. It's a pity that such a respected publication as yours almost solely relies on sources close to the government or the DPP [Democratic Progressive Party] for its coverage. Surely you must be aware that the Taipei Times belongs to the Liberty Times group, which is rabidly pro-independence and anti-KMT [Kuomintang]. The same line is followed in the Taipei Times. You do your readers a disservice by such lopsided reporting and it puts in question your reporting on other topics. You owe it to your readers who may not all be familiar with the politics of Taiwan to explain a bit more where your writers come from politically.
Alex Shi (Feb 28, '05)

While it is true that our top contributor on Taiwan politics is Laurence Eyton, deputy editor-in-chief of the Taipei Times, and that his personal politics and therefore the focus of his writing may lean a bit further from the KMT line than you would prefer (we at ATol, on the other hand, believe that his reporting is fair and factually based), he has as much right to a voice on Asia Times Online as anyone else. By the same token, writers who disagree with Eyton are just as welcome to contribute, as long as their articles meet the same standards of fairness and factual basis. - ATol


I am a regular reader of ATol articles. I ... appreciate the work being done by all the writers. Even though I don't [have many] skills of journalism, I feel like being part of the team ... (Feb 28, '05)
Murali


The global warming scam [Feb 25] by the enthusiastic and generous Derek Kelly (he's now helping Chinese to speak English, gee! Frank, you should do something about that) makes ... a celebration of heat. In a style that [calls] for exclamation marks (his article ends: "Let's hope Antarctica and Greenland melt. Let's hope the sea levels rise. All life glorifies warmth. Only death prefers the icy fingers of endless winter." I just love that part about the "icy fingers of death", it's so wonderfully outdated, and if you like descriptive prose you will enjoy his moving sketch about Cretaceous), he insists that we should pay to those generous men [who] fill the Earth's atmosphere with CO2 [carbon dioxide] and ask the Chinese to depend on coal (it doesn't matter that coal is not a renewable resource) and forget those Westernized, tech-savvy nuclear plants. Who need them anyway? His strong argument is that climate has never been stable, but I don't think that anyone has ever said that, at least anyone serious. What Derek "enthusiastic" Kelly seems to miss is that there is a difference between natural changes in climate and man-induced changes. Anyway, I don't think I can say anything that will change his mind; enthusiastic people must be listened to for courtesy's sake and then just ignored. I will just recommend him to move to Florida, to the Atlantic shore. You see, I live in a tropical country (Cuba), an island that is now affected by a drought. It hasn't significantly rained for more than a year in the eastern part of the country; the central part is already affected and the western part (where I live) is the next. Global warming for me is a reality. In fact, last year's summer was so hot that four hurricanes came in a row during August and September, a period when no hurricane usually comes to Cuba (in that time of the year they usually go to the [Gulf of Mexico] or pass north [of] the island). Fortunately, the more powerful hurricanes spared Cuba, or at least its more populated cities. Florida wasn't so lucky and people living there suffered the four hurricanes. And what did they do the next November? They voted for [President George W] Bush, the champion of global warming. If Cuba were not in the middle, I would say they deserved all the hurricanes of the world. Unfortunately, we're in the middle and, thanks to the irresponsible climate policy of the Bush government and its consequences, we have to deal with more hurricanes than what may be considered "normal". Bush [did not invent] hurricanes, but global warming is helping to make hurricanes far more powerful than what they used to be (in August of 2004 the Caribbean Sea was so hot that hurricane Category 4 was not strange, but the usual, and that's bad). Asian people, familiarized with typhoons, will understand my plight. And people like Derek, who seems to be a nice guy in spite of his style, are asking for more heat and celebrating global warming because "all life glorifies warmth". No, Derek, not all life (plankton, for instance, doesn't) glorifies in warmth, and if you would live near shore in a hurricane zone, well, neither will you glorify in warmth. On the contrary, you will be asking for a colder world.
Fabricio
Cuba (Feb 25, '05)


Re The global warming scam [Feb 25] by Derek Kelly, PhD: I am curious as to the source of the information in his chronology of climate change. At least one section seems to be strongly contradicted by current research. He claims that from 8,000 to 4,000 years ago the Arctic Ocean was ice-free. Findings from a major study as reported in the New York Times on November 30, 2004, show this is not at all true. The article states, "The preliminary analysis reveals that the Arctic Ocean has been constantly icy for at least 15 million years." An ice-free Arctic Ocean, as predicted by 2050 and due mostly to man-made greenhouse-gas emissions, is a truly ominous event. Arctic wildlife has come to depend on this ice for millions of years, not thousands, and is seriously threatened. Its impact on climate is unpredictable and possibly catastrophic. To be so casual about the impact of man-made atmospheric changes as to call global warming a scam is to be in denial of a huge body of scientific evidence for the sake of shortsighted economic growth.
Doug Davis (Feb 25, '05)


Re The global warming scam [Feb 25] by Derek Kelly: Those who live a mere 10 meters above the present sea level and still have enough oxygen to think straight cannot be much consoled to know that over millions of years sea levels have varied from 90 meters lower to more than 200 meters higher than the present-day level. The hothouse effects are accelerating the melting of glaciers here and now. Will the polluters pay the damages to those who have to move to higher ground?
Kaj Krinsmoe (Feb 25, '05)


I agree with Derek Kelly's analysis of global warming, especially the bikini part [The global warming scam, Feb 25]! Maybe not so much the two North Dakotas part. But what is wrong with wanting future generations to have the best tools possible to control "short term" swings in their environment? Seems selfish to assume they will not be able to use both.
Tom Sullivan
Kauai, Hawaii/Victoria, British Columbia (Feb 25, '05)


It is quite obvious that Dr Derek Kelly, an American, does not need to live in the tropics when the Earth warms up. More greenhouse gases will not affect him too badly [The global warming scam, Feb 25].
David Chiu (Feb 25, '05)


Re The remaking of al-Qaeda [Feb 25] by Syed Saleem Shahzad: I found your recent piece on Asia Times [Online] very informative. I have a few comments. I was profoundly upset by the events of [September 11, 2001] and the US response in the aftermath of these attacks. What has been the result of this? We have been at war in Afghanistan and Iraq for over two years. This conflict has cost over $300 billion so far and killed and maimed thousands of soldiers and many more innocent civilians. From what I can see, the US has made little if any progress in either of these countries. Opium production has skyrocketed in Afghanistan over the last two years, strengthening the influence of warlords and private militias. I have read that the US barely controls Kabul. The situation in Iraq is equally bleak. We have an expensive, deadly war that appears to be rapidly progressing into a military, political and economic disaster for the US and Middle East. I cannot see any easy way out of Iraq for the US. Next door, the situation in Pakistan is unstable. Should General Pervez Musharraf be overthrown, a very real possibility, we could well end up with a government in that country that is sympathetic to Osama bin Laden and al-Qaeda, and having control of nuclear weapons. It the world is going to survive, I think that we have to start addressing the root causes of problems giving rise to conflicts in the Middle East and beyond. The US needs to address its energy use head-on. We need to stop supporting repressive governments in the Middle East and provide a realistic framework for a just and equitable settlement between Israel and the Palestinians. If we cannot do this, then I fear that the world is headed for an economic crash and more devastating military conflicts.
Paul Billings
Swarthmore, Pennsylvania (Feb 25, '05)


David Isenberg's Bush's priceless war [Feb 25] deserves a longer view. It is an open secret that the Bush administration is straining at gnats in pursuit of its domestic agenda and foreign policy. It is waging war on both fronts. On February 22, the central Bank of Korea announced that it might switch [its] reserves out of dollars. This simple statement unsettled world financial markets, forcing the Dow Jones Average to lose 1.7%. The markets have recovered, and the East Asian exchanges have made formal announcements that they [are] not going to remain uncommitted to a weakening United States dollar. In spite of this, the world markets are sustaining on a daily basis US$2 billion to prop up the weak dollar and America's ballooning debt. And this simple, stark reality makes bankers very edgy, and strains taut nerves. For the moment it reminds one of Lord Keynes' aphorism, which runs more or less like this: You owe the bank US$1 million, you are its prisoner. You owe the bank US$100 million and the bank is your prisoner. Yes, the world financial markets are in chains to Washington's madcap war spending. However, just [as in Ludwig van] Beethoven's Fidelio, as the prisoners are let out to the sunlight, they yearn and earn their freedom. The European Union which [US President George W] Bush has tried to make shoulder the financial underpinning of his adventurous, preemptive war in Iraq, is [champing] at the bit. It will, contrary to Washington's warnings, open military sales to China for hard currency to offset the deleterious effect a weak dollar is having on their exports. Asian central banks are looking to diversify holdings, especially in euros, to cushion any shock coming from the American dollar zone. Although [US Federal Reserve chairman] Alan Greenspan, in his convoluted hocus-pocus, reminiscent of Dean Swift's alchemic pursuit of scholars looking to turn human feces into gold on the island of Laputa, may assure markets that the American economy is on course, it is becoming clearer to one and all that the United States is chronically ailing. Mr Bush is doing something unintended in his narrow pursuit of bringing the bells of freedom within everyone's hearing: abroad, he is loosening the binds that tie countries to Washington's apron strings, and domestically, he is preparing the ground for political quietism and further impoverishment of the middle and working classes. So to put it in a context Mr Bush can understand, [while] straining out gnats as [the Gospel According to St] Matthew says, this sitting president has swallowed camels whole, and has seriously hocked the future and welfare of his own people and country.
Jakob Cambria
USA (Feb 25, '05)


In China seethes at US-Japan 'meddling' [Feb 24], author Jing-dong Yuan seems to miss to crucial points: (1) Japan has finally awakened from her long slumber and is not on the road to rearmament and transformation into a global political power; (2) the reason for Japan's awakening is 50 years of PRC [People's Republic of China] belligerence culminating recently in China's nationalistic hostility toward Japan and submarine provocation; and (3) Japan and the US have finally decided to draw the line at Taiwan. The message is quite clear: China cannot have Taiwan. If any readers are unaware of the 50 years of China's belligerence, they should consider China's encouragement of Kim Il-sung's invasion of South Korea in 1950 followed by China's entry into the war, China's invasion of Tibet in 1950 (no, Tibet was not already part of China), China's creation of Taiwan Strait crises in the 1950s and in 1996, China's 1962 invasion of India as a ploy to establish a boundary line favored by China, China's 1979 invasion of Vietnam, China's outrageous claim to sovereignty of the entire South China Sea, China's naval clashes with Vietnam in the South China Sea, China's express threats of war against Taiwan and the US, intense Chinese hostility towards Japanese including at sporting events even though the Japanese at such events are not the people who committed war atrocities against China during World War II, China's attempt to claim sovereignty over some of Japan's territorial waters, China's provocative sending of a submarine into Japanese waters, and China's use of North Korea as a nuclear pit bull with which to threaten Japan, South Korea and the US. Only a fool would fail to see the threat and wish to curb it.
Daniel McCarthy (Feb 25, '05)

A list of "belligerent" threats and actions at least as long as this one could be compiled regarding the US. Guess you won't object then if, say, Cuba "sees the threat and wishes to curb it". - ATol


Praful Bidwai's comparison of India's economic [relationship] with its small neighbors to that of North-South dialogue is stupid [India talks down to its neighbors, Feb 24]. Bidwai, when it comes to trade within SAARC [the South Asian Association for Regional Cooperation] everyone knows that economics and commerce (and almost everything else) always take a back seat and are foolishly linked to political disputes. Otherwise, why does Pakistan have to import tea all the way from Kenya when it can get it from across the border at a cheaper rate and faster? What is the economic reason for Pakistan's unwillingness to grant most-favored-nation (MFN) status to India even when the latter has unilaterally accorded the same to the former decades back? Why should these two countries conduct their trade either through peddlers or via Middle East? Can you explain the logic to me? Bangladesh freely allows [use of] its land to terrorists and fundamentalists (even al-Qaeda) but is hesitant in allowing transit routes for India. Now that quota restriction in textiles trade is lifted, Pakistan and Bangladesh (textiles constitute more than 70% of their exports) will find it very hard to compete in an open market. What is going to be the social dimension of the economic fallout of these changes in these two nations? [Are] Islamabad and Dhaka equipped to handle the crisis? Bidwai, the roadblocks to realizing SAARC's vision are not economic but are political in nature. In comparison to other regional forums SAARC remains a mere talk shop and there is more emphasis on empty theatrical gestures by the leaders. SAARC will remain a useless body that drains precious resources until it meets the urgent economic, social, political needs of the people of the region. The neighbors are not willing to be part of one family even when the vast economic potential stares at them. The ruling elites of these small nations fear that they would soon be marginalized if they relaxed the barriers. These powerful coteries are in search of an identity to define their nations. No wonder they have not been able to do it even after decades. None of these small nations have developed a peaceful mechanism to resolve disputes arising from the differences among them. Invariably, any dissent within their borders meets the same response ...
Kannan (Feb 25, '05)


The article written by [Bashdar] Ismaeel [Democracy, act 1, Feb 24] was very informative and factual. I enjoyed reading it. My take on the Iraqi election is a little different. Being an American and being raised in America I know what it has been like in America since George W Bush was put into office by the United States Supreme Court in 2000. Up until 2000 I had always believed that the elections in the United States were honest even though the political ads placed in the media were not. In the year 2000 ... in the state of Florida, where George Bush's brother was governor, the elections were far from honest. People were sent to the wrong polls, names were removed from the registrar's list and everything possible [was] done to assure that Bush would carry the state of Florida. When the recount began Bush and his political party went to the Supreme Court to have the counting stopped. After Bush was installed in the office of president numerous news organizations paid with their own money to have access to the votes in Florida, they counted all of the legitimate votes not the ones in dispute. After the count was completed it was discovered that Al Gore won the election in Florida by thousands of votes. Had Bush allowed the votes to be counted he would not have been president the last four years and it is doubtful that he would have been elected in 2004. I believe in a democracy where the majority wins. I believe in an honest government where the leaders tell the people the truth. I do not know how long the leaders in the United states have been lying to the people but I do know they were lied to about the reasons for invading Iraq. I do not believe that you have to invade a country and destroy huge portions of it, kill over 100,000 of the country's citizen's and torture prisoners the way the United States and the other countries assisting in this war have done to bring democracy to a country. I believe it can be done by example and by bringing all allies together to find a way to rid a country of a leader who they think is a tyrant to the people without going to war. Also just as I believe that a house of straw cannot stand, I do not believe that a war based on lies where the reason for going to war changed every day will ever come to fruition. The Iraqi people have shown great courage and I wish them well but until the foreign forces get out of their country there will never be peace. I believe that the only reason this war was ever started was because of the oil beneath the Iraqi sands.
Valerie Harrison
Greenville, Alabama (Feb 25, '05)


Sergei Blagov (Russia torn [Feb 23]) as always makes incisive and subtle observations. However, one can't quite agree with his "warning" that Russia might politically alienate the main market for its oil and gas exports - the West. First of all oil and gas [are] not the types of commodities you'd want to slap import sanctions on, to put it mildly. Second, it is the US, not Europe - whose energy security is to a large degree as tied to Russia as Russia's energy exports are tied to Europe - that is pressuring and threatening Iran. The latter's main exports are likely to continue to go to Asia - India, China, and even Japan - so Russia should not expect much competition to its energy exports to Europe; even Libya is being pressured by the US to direct a substantial part of its exports across the Atlantic instead of Europe. With the construction of the Russian pipelines to the Pacific and to the Barents Sea, Russia will be able to export oil to East Asia and the US, in addition to Europe. And on a larger scale, sovereign states - and today as in the past, the most sovereign states are the Powers - do not make it a practice to abandon their strategic or tactical interests and relationships with one side in order to achieve some incremental improvement - and that's the most that can be expected between Russia and the US - with another power, albeit a superpower. If Russia abandons its cooperation with Iran, the latter will lose some measure of its ability to withstand US pressure, which would only increase the chances that in the end Russia's interest in a measure of strategic balance in the region will come under a serious threat, a goal she shares with China and a goal which both states seem to be pursuing in Iran.
Leon Rozmarin
Hopedale, Massachusetts (Feb 25, '05)


Dear Spengler [The unmaking of the neo-conservative mind, Feb 23]: Far from "fighting political and cultural battles of a past generation which neither were won nor lost, but merely became irrelevant", the Jewish neo-conservatives in the Bush administration are the 21st-century equivalents of the European Court Jews of the 16th to 19th centuries. These very bright men let themselves be known to the robber barons (kings, princes, electors) of small independent statelets, then they were invited to manage the financial affairs of the courts, and to arrange for the purchase of supplies and weaponry. As an important sideline, they arranged for safe houses for their families in case of pogroms, and to arrange for strong gates for the Jewish ghettos to be locked at night and during Christian holy days to protect their people from being savaged by "Christian" hoodlums. The hard-working and exploited citizens of these little kingdoms had absolutely no say in the appointment of the Court Jews. I see a parallel in the function and strategies of the Jewish neo-conservatives of the Bush administration. Using the wealth created by the American meshuggene goyim, they are protecting "The Realm", which is Israel. And something strange has taken place there lately: Israelis are busy creating their own ghetto with its own security wall and protected gates because, sadly, they have moved again into an area where they are not wanted, this time by the Asian citizens of western Asia. So you see, Spengler, you can wipe out the entire third paragraph of your latest essay.
AL
Canada (Feb 25, '05)


Follow-up to Spengler [The unmaking of the neo-conservative mind, Feb 23], who writes: "The obscurantism of [T S] Eliot's poetry [has] eroded the popular audience for modern poetry ..." The view of the US publishing industry has long been and continues to be that there is no market for poetry. If true, it is at least in part a self-fulfilling prophecy: because it "doesn't sell", they don't publish it, and don't promote it, therefore it "doesn't sell". However, though most bookstores provide only the tried-and-true "classics", poetry does sell sufficiently for bookstores to devote substantial extremely valuable shelf space to it. As for "obscurantism": as poetry need not "make sense" - it is foremost a celebration of language - those most responsible for the "obscurantism" have been academics (and those usually formalists, which would be Spengler's preference). Indeed, the modernism in poetry against which Spengler inveighs was in part a reaction against "obscurantism" (and formalism) - thus the ordinariness of language, and accessibility, of such as William Carlos Williams, Marianne Moore, and Denise Levertov. And, though my view is that poetry is composed (of silence) by an individual in solitude, so is therefore to be absorbed by an individual in solitude (and silence), there is a large number of enthusiastic young in the US who attend what they call "poetry slams" - public competitions of individuals spouting "poetry", similar to "rappers" but without the rappers' pretense to be "music". (I believe competition is anathema to and the destruction of poetry.) Moreover, the ... audience for popular poetry (a whole other issue) - partly because of such "slams" - may be larger than it has been historically, as it has not had a large audience for centuries (in large part because composed for and read by those who could afford higher education, and that thing called "leisure"). See The Place of Poetry: Two Centuries of an Art in Crisis (Lexington, Kentucky: The University Press of Kentucky 1981), Christopher Clausen.
Joseph J Nagarya
Boston, Massachusetts (Feb 25, '05)


John Parker's assertion that the US should restore nuclear weapons to South Korea is both foolish and dangerous [Restore US nukes to South Korea, Feb 23]. Does Parker think that redeploying nuclear weapons will reduce the anti-US sentiment in South Korea which he admits is "rampant"? Parker states that he "enthusiastically supported" the decision to withdraw tactical nuclear weapons from South Korea in 1991 because these weapons were "considered particularly risky". He fails then to mention that the same reasons for not deploying them now still hold true, ie, that tactical nukes are difficult to store securely and are also more likely to be used by frontline commanders in the heat of battle without orders from Washington. The Bush administration has stated that it has war plans which include targeting North Korea with nuclear weapons. The US maintains more than 2,000 strategic nuclear warheads on high-alert status, all of which can be launched in a matter of minutes. A single Trident sub cruising off the coast of North Korea could hit almost 200 separate targets in less than three minutes with close to as much firepower as was used in all of World War II. North Korea knows this. Sending nuclear weapons back to South Korea would turn the clock back to 1951, not 1991.
Steven Starr
New Bloomfield, Missouri (Feb 25, '05)


James Chou got a little emotional (letter, Feb 24) when he accused China of "insisting on Taiwanese people kowtowing to its stubborn and self-serving agenda". Kowtowing? What agenda? It has been publicly stated, time and again, that Taiwan could keep its government, army, police, etc with no official coming from the mainland to Taiwan, should unification occur. On the other hand, Taiwan could send some people to take up official positions in Beijing. Negotiations will be open and every item can be discussed. The overriding condition is that there will be eventual unification. It is fruitless for the diehards to spend billions of dollars to purchase arms. It is equally ridiculous to believe that Japan can make a real difference. All these are just temporary noisy background which will disappear in due course.
Li (Feb 25, '05)


Re Ernie Lynch (letter, Feb 24): The topic is the assassination of Rafik Hariri and who stands to gain or lose from it, not America's crimes in Vietnam, not Israel's in Shatila. You are trying your darnedest to change the subject to "Americans shouldn't comment on the sins of others because America itself has sinned." In my original letter I did not defend the war in Iraq, or any other American policy. Yet you assumed as much simply because I pointed out some of the rhetorical tricks of the trade used by Pepe Escobar. You tout "balance" and "scholarship" while offering neither. Many consider themselves "balanced" and "scholarly" after reading Howard Zinn, Gore Vidal, or Noam Chomsky. They can memorize a list of real and imagined American crimes, as you do, while ignoring the other side of the ledger. You mention Hariri's failure as prime minister to rid Lebanon of Hezbollah, yet ignore what could clearly be more relevant to the motives of the murderers - his most recent public statements, his switch to the opposition, and significantly, his endorsement of demands for a Syrian withdrawal from Lebanon. You should learn to think more like the Syrians that you claim to admire so much. If they are "coldly, calculatable" (sic) people, as you say, their attitude toward Hariri must have been - "What have you done for me lately?"
Geoffrey Sherwood
New Jersey, USA (Feb 25, '05)


At first, I did not believe ATol accepting articles from Xinhua. I thought you hate Xinhua and Chinese communists. Did you obtain the article legally? Then, I read it again. It does sound like soft-landing propaganda. And there is no mentioning of India or elephant. Now I believe you. [I] apologize for mistakes. However, I still doubt that India's cars can zip ahead without freeways. Can you explain how they can do that?
Frank
Seattle, Washington (Feb 25, '05)

As we suggested under your letter of February 24, who needs freeways when India can send Narain Karthikeyan to Shanghai's state-of-the-art racetrack to compete for the World Driving Championship? And we are still waiting to hear whether you will be joining ATol in the stands to cheer him on next October or, more to the point, if you are buying the Tsingtao. - ATol


Re China seethes at US-Japan 'meddling' [Feb 24] by Jing-dong Yuan: The entire article paints a simple and rosy picture that the so-called security architecture in Asia can be easily achieved through collaborations and bargainings among three major powers, namely the US, China, and Japan. Everything else is dispensable, let alone the well-being of the 23 million flesh and souls in Taiwan. Dr Yuan emphasizes that China has pretty much resolved all [its] historical and territorial disputes with almost all its neighboring countries. We should all congratulate the People's Republic of China [for] such amicable achievements. But I am just wondering, if China had such a willingness and capacity to resolve them, then why [does it have] no wisdom and willingness to resolve the disputes with Taiwan on equal footing? After all, China does not have to seethe at the US-Japan security alliance or anyone else at all. The threat from the US-Japan security alliance can be easily overcome overnight should China find the courage and wisdom to listen to the calls of Taiwanese people of what their aspirations are. I bet you that the US and Japan would find it a huge nightmare should China and Taiwan find a way of ending the hostility and move on toward cordial ties economically, socially, culturally, and politically regardless of the shape or form of political affiliation. Why can't China do it? Why did China insist on Taiwanese people kowtowing to its stubborn and self-serving agenda? As an old saying, you get what you pay for. Nobody else to blame but yourself.
James Chou
Vancouver, British Columbia (Feb 24, '05)


Kosuke Takahashi has offered a clever conceit in his dubbing Japan a putative Britain of the Far East [Japan to become 'Britain of the Far East', Feb 24]. Is the recent accord between Washington and Tokyo for further strengthening military ties and more coordination in regional geopolitical matters, an avatar of the 1902 Anglo-Japanese military alliance, which had the effect of raising Imperial Japan to the status of world power, and of trying to checkmate Czarist expansion in Central Asia and the Far East, in what Rudyard Kipling's Kim called the great game, this three years before the humiliating defeat of Russian at the hands of the Japanese army at Mukden, and the destruction of Russia's imperial navy at Tsushima? Mr Takahashi buries in his article the determining event which moved the inertia of Japanese military and geopolitical thinking: the launching of Pyongyang's rocket over Japan. Grafted on to the leaps and bounds of North Korea military technology came the question of the Democratic People's Republic of Korea's (DPRK) admission of having a nuclear arsenal. These are serious developments indeed. But the shock and awe which accelerated movement towards tighter relations with the United States and gave more urgency for a revision of the American-imposed Peace Constitution, and the eventual raising of an army, navy, and air force, was Chinese penetration into Japan's territorial waters. Japan has a strong, trained officer corps, otherwise known as the Self-Defense Forces (SDF). A standing army would, with minimum training, remind Tokyo's neighbors [that] they have a formidable opponent in a revived Nippon military. In the longer run, tighter military coordination with Washington is a signal to Beijing, the more especially since Tokyo is committing itself to the defense of its former colony, which China ceded after its defeat in the 1894 Sino-Japanese war fought on the Korean Peninsula, and which we know as Taiwan. Junichiro Koizumi is not playing to ultra-right-wing galleries. He is realistically assessing Japan's options in rapidly evolving and unstable geopolitical realities. Confrontation with China is possible since oil-poor Tokyo is intent in offshore drilling [on] a continental shelf which Beijing has staked out as belonging within its territorial waters. Then there is the unleashing of exasperated Chinese nationalism against Japan, most notably in Japan's soccer teams of China's team. In spite of intense investment in mainland China, there are potential problems of trade friction. Although there are other factors in the equation, Tokyo's moves are more defensive than offensive. It is dangerous to see in today's Japan a looming shadow of past imperial behavior. Eyes should look further west to the Northeast Asian continent.
Jakob Cambria
USA (Feb 24, '05)


Regarding the US-Japan regional security declaration, one wonders if it is brilliant US diplomacy or utter Japanese stupidity or probably both that succeeds to solidify a hostile relationship toward China and Russia. Facing no prospect of expansion and stiffening competition from other Asian countries such as China, India and Korea, Japan is falling into a trap like Taiwan, looking toward America as its protector and savior. Sadly, the technological success of [the] country has not produced political leaders with foresight and wisdom.
Li (Feb 24, '05)


From the article India zips ahead [Feb 24], we can guess who is the author of China in reverse gear. Both articles follow the same logic. The slight reduction of automobile production indicates a good, planned, soft landing of China's superheated economy. India may have [had a] higher rate of increase of automobile production last year. That does not [mean] "India zips ahead". Indrajit Basu proves my theory was right on the target. By blowing a stream of hot air, India's automobiles on their poorly paved roads zip ahead of the Chinese cars on their new freeway system ranked the second in the world. What an amazing mouth! Indrajit Basu must be proud of his achievement. NASCAR should hire him right away.
Frank
Seattle, Washington (Feb 24, '05)

The article "China in reverse gear" was supplied by Xinhua. As for the US National Association for Stock Car Auto Racing, we doubt that it has much of a following in India (or anywhere in Asia), but we are sure you are thrilled that Narain Karthikeyan has been selected to drive for Jordan in the upcoming Formula One World Championship series, and that you will tear yourself away from ESPN to be in Shanghai on October 16 to cheer him on. - ATol


Great to have you back, Spengler [The unmaking of the neo-con mind, Feb 23]. You were losing me for a while. I agree that the ideas of the neo-cons are irrelevant to thinkers, but they are not irrelevant to Red America. While the big-money elite Republicans don't agree with the neo-con garbage, they cynically exploit it because it helps the further their interests (securing and expanding hegemony) and Red America believes it. Red America hasn't had its faith shattered the way Europe did in the early to mid-20th century. We haven't seen the results yet of these neo-con ideas, which are irrelevant in Europe and have been for 50 years or more. After the US empire implodes (which the neo-cons are greatly accelerating, in my opinion) you might be writing about why America doesn't believe in itself anymore, like you do about Europe now. To Joseph J Nagarya: I agree with everything you say in your Dirty Dog letter [Feb 23]. I could be wrong, but I get the impression that you are a Democrat. While I agree with what you say about Republican ideology, I don't understand how it is any different than the Democrats'. During the presidential election [Democratic candidate John] Kerry simply said, "Vote for me, I will out-Bush Bush." The Republicans could not have achieved anything without Democratic complicity. [President George W] Bush could have never passed the Patriot Act or gone to war in Iraq without Democratic support. They agree on pretty much everything save how to sucker votes and they only disagree marginally there. As far as your unproven "theory" that the US doesn't have free elections (which I agree with), what "objective standard" of substantiated fact can you provide to support that assertion? You should hold yourself to the same standards [to which] you hold others. When will you admit that you are just a guy standing on a soapbox and yelling like the rest of us? There is nothing wrong with that. That is what the Letters section is for. If you would like to hold these letters to the standard of research, I sugges